Starter for internal-combustion engines



March 18 1924. v 1,487,193

' A. BARENY] STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 15. 1923 O s Sheets-Sheet 1 I will I M/ 17 ,9

1 4 I a a March 18-, 1-924. 1,487,193

- A, BARENYI STARTER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Filed Jan. 13 1923 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 L {a LP Patented Mar. 18 1924.

UNITED STATES ARPAD BAREN YI, OF BERLIN-LICHTERFELDE, GERMANY.

STARTER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Application filed January 13, 1923.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ARPAD BARENYI, a citizen of Germany, residing at Berlin-Lichterfelde, in the State of Prussia, Germany,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Starters for Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact engine, and in which in addition a hand operated crank is provided for starting the engine by hand when there is need or desire so to do. One of the objects of the improve ments is to provide a starter of this type in which the gearing interposed between the motor and the crank shaft of the engine is disposed coaxially of the said crank shaft and motor. W'ith this object in view I provide a transmission gearing in which the operative parts are disposed concentrically to the axis of the gearing, and I mount the said gearing so that the concentric axis is in so alignment with the axis of the crank shaft and the motor. Another object of the imtn'ovements is to provide a system, in which the starting motor and the transmission gearing are disposed within a cylindrical casing by means of which the starter and its gearing may be mounted on or dismounted from the engine as a unit. Another object of the improvements is to provide a system in which the hand operated crank is adapted to operate the crank shaft of the engine through the intermediary of the shaft of the motor, and in which means controlled by the said crank are provided for throwing the transmission gearing out of operation as gearing and for connecting the said motor shaft to rotate as a unit with the crank shaft of the engine. With these and other objects in view my invention consists in the matters to be described hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the ap ended claims.

For the purpose 0 explaining the invention two examples embodying the same have been shown in the accompanying drawings in which the same reference characters have Serial No. 612,544.

been used in all the views to indicate cor responding parts. In said drawings,-

Fig. 1, is an elevation showing the engine and the starter in a general way, in assembly with the engine,

Fig. 2, is a vertical longitudinal section drawn to larger scale of the starter with its transmission gearing,

Fig.3, is a cross-section taken on the line 44 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4, is a cross-section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 5 is a cross-section taken on the line 66 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 6, is a partial development in a single plane of certain annularly arranged apparatus shown in Fig. 5,

Fig. 7, is a detail View showing in side eleva'tion the hand operated crank and the cap of the armature shaft cooperating therewith,

Fig. 8, is a partial section corresponding to Fig. 3 and showing a modification, and

Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating a detail in the structure as shown in Fig. 8.

In describing the invention reference will be made to an electric starter, and more particularly to a starter which is adapted when the engine is running to serve as a generator and to supply electric current to a storage battery or other current consumer. The type of the motor-dynamo provided in the system shown in the figures has been shown and described in the application for patent of Barenyi and Kaemmerer, Ser. No. 608,764, filed in the Patent Oflice of the United States on November 28, 1922. As my invention does not relate to the specific type of the motor-dynamo I shall not describe the same in detail, short reference to the main parts of the motor being sufiicient to give a clear understanding to those skilled in the art.

In the example shown in Figs. 1 to 7, my improved system comprises an internal com bustion engine 1 connected by a clutch 2 of any known or preferred form with a starter 3. The starter comprises a cylindrical casing 5 enclosing the operative parts. In anti-friction bearings 6 and 7 provided respectively in the end wall 8 and a support ing member 9 located internally of the casing 5 a motor shaft 10 is mounted to which the armature 11 of a motor-dynamo is keyed. The field poles 12 of the motor-dynamo are secured to the casing o by screws 13, and they carry field exciting coils 1 1. At the left of-the armature a commutator 15 is secured to the shaft 10, and the windings of the armature are connected i 'ith one of their ends directly to the laniellae of the commutator 15, and the opposite ends of the coils are passed through bores of a ring 16 carrying the lamellae, and they are secured to a ring 17 adapted to be rotated relatiyely to the commutator. The range of rotation of ring 17 relatively to comn'nitator 15 is limited and defined by means of a transverse pin -18, which, integ 'ated with the ring 17, extends diametrically across the ring and through circuniferentially extending slots in shaft 10. By such means the armature coils may be shifted and connected in alternate arrangement, for operation alternately as a generator, or as a motor, as has been described in the aforesaid application of Ba renyi and Kaemmerer. The transverse pin 48' Xtends diametrically throi'igh a rod d3, concentrically arranged within and n'iorable both rotatably and telescopically within the hollow shaft 10, and the slots in shaft 10 through which the pin l8 extends, permit of movement of the pin 48 and with it of ring 17 in axial direction also. through a limited 'ange, relatively to shaft 10. This for purposes presently to be indicated.

In the example shown in Fig. 2 the transmission gearing is in the form of a planetary gearing comprising a drum 18 having its hub 19 mounted on an anti-friction bearing 20 the outer race way of which is provided by the annular member The said drum is formed with internal teeth engaging in the teeth of two sets of planet gear wheels 22 and 2? the gear wheels being mounted on stub shafts 21 provided on a disk 25 rotatable on the reduced end of the shaft it). The shaft 10 is formed with gear teeth (in meshing with the gear wheel and the hub of the disk is formed with gear teeth 62 meshing with the gear wheels 22-3. The gear wheels 23 are mounted on stub shafts provided on a disk 28 made integral with a stub shaft 29 having one of the members of the clutch 2 secured thereto. As shown the disk 28 is guided within the drum 18 through the intermediary of an anti-friction bearing 30, and the stub shaft 29 is mounted in an iti-friction bearing 31 provided in the left hand end wall of the using Near the left hand 0 id the shaft 10 carries, with capacity for longitudinal or tele- F-JCUpln increment upon it, an annular coupling member 33 formed with cut-out portions 3-1 proyiding chambers and can]. ways 35 for rollers 36 haying their axes guided in slots 37 made in the body of the member 33 and in a ring 38 secured thereto. and being acted upon by springs 39. The rollers 36 bear on the cam faces 35 and the inner wall of the hub 19, and when turning t. 1.

10 in anti-chicliiwise direction i which direction of rotation the starting of the engine hy rollers 36 engage in the bri chamber 31, so that the an nz 1 rotates independently of inc Llsil however the drum in is roiated by gine in anti-clocliwise d' he olle. engage in the narrow par H ehaiii ari 34, so that they are c: when .he

19 and couple the drn 10 The shaft 10 the and the niot n=dynaar pacitjt as a d i. for charging a sor r cu'z'reini tor other i i r-zirhicd with 'cet' .C ll cooppurpose. 4 circiunferent crating with plunger 57 be he adapted to lock the teeth 59 are beveled are adapted m.- to push the pi ment. In opposite 1h ment is secure. lherefo" locked by the plunger as a one direction. and it is opposite directi 'r'l ii 1 J i to rotate in the 'lorn'ied with 21 coupling members .4.1. for cooperation with complementary coupling members formed on the hub 19. The am member 33 is adapted to bi l idinally of the shaft 10 for t claws 1 and i2 into or out oi coupling lent. In the ci iamplr shown 7 the means for shiftin g t of the rod -13 already nientioned ll 5 1. i to being rotatable. is l: within the a it carries a so passes thi-o and enga member 33. it

ing beyond 2. 1 the rod 4% has 2 within an enla ejectaft 10 wrote. and the axial bore of the slit is locatwl. which bears i hpeciiyely on an annular shoulder pr wit at the left hand end of the bore i? and on the head -ii'y. which spring has the tendenc to pu i the 1? to th s right and inio tne position shown in Fig. 1 in which the rou ers 4 1 ing EMF-i and.

are out of engagein hi. hea l -l-6 projects beyond the cap a. i

As has been explained ahoye. the plunger :7 is adapted to be thrown out of locking engagement with. the tverli 59 by the bei eled rear faces of the sai teeth. ln order to tu or noon the tooth.

'd the. noise co L 58 sliding over the teotn at) I )refer to provide automatic means to operate at suitable time and lock the said plunger in non-locking position. As shown (Figs. 2, 5, and 6) the member 9 is constructedto provide an annular housing, and within the said housing a segmental slide or carriage is movable circumferentially of the casing 5. As shown the said carriage consists of a pair of spaced segmental plates 100 mounted on three rollers 101 guided between the inner wall of easing 5 and member 9. One of the said plates is secured to a disk 102, and the other one carries a locking member 103 projecting laterally therefrom and into position for locking engagement with the plunger 57, as is shown in Fig. 4, said plunger being formed with a shoulder 104 for arresting the circumferential movement of the member 103 and the carriage. A spring 105 is attached with one end to the carriage and with its opposite end to an eye 106 secured to the member 9, which spring tends to pull the carriage with. the arm 103 into locking engagement with the plunger 57. To the member 9 an electromagnet 107 is secured the armature 108 of which is rockingly mounted on the said member at 109 and connected by a link 110 with the carriage. The electromagnet is connected by leads 111 with a source of electric energy, preferably the battery connected with the motor-dynamo, and a switch adapted to be closed when connecting the motor-dynamo for operating as a motor, for retracting the locaing member 103 away from the plunger 57 and permit ting the tooth to come into locking engagement with the claws 59.

The leads 111 are passed into the casing 5 through a tubular member 112. Through the same member leads are passed from the battery to the brushes of the armature.

The stub shaft 29 is formed with teeth 50 engaging a spur wheel 51 for operating a distributer enclosed within a casing 52 mounted on the casing 5. As the distributer does not form a part of the invention 1 deem it not necessary to describe the same.

The cap 4: is provided with a flange 53 (cf. Fig. 7) carrying undercut teeth 54: adapted for engagement by a crank 55 formed with corresponding undercut teeth 56 and adapted for engagement with the head 46 for pushing the rod 43 inwardly against the action of the spring 48.

The operation of the apparatus is as itollows: lVhen starting the engine by the motoralynamo acting as a motor the electromagnct 107 is energized for retracting the locking member 103 away from the plunger 57, and the drum, 18 is locked in position by the teeth of the plunger 57 engaging in the teeth 59 of the drum. The rod 43 is free of restraint such as may be exerted through crank 55, but responsive to the tension of spring 8,'stands, as seen in Fig. 2,

at the right-hand end of its range of longitudinal traverse. The parts named being in the positions indicated, circuit is closed from the battery through the a mature winding. the armature 1S poweriiully rotated. :l g 17 lags and the pin d8 comes to its extreme rearward position with respect to the direction oi the rotation so established, and in that position the arrangement of the connections for the sauna ture windings that suited to the chara of motor, which the apparatus now assu. s, -all as explained in the Barenyi and Kaemmerer application alluded ilhiie the apparatus is so operating in its capacity as a motor, the nn chanically rotated shaft 10 makes connection with the planetary gearing and thence v-Jith shaft 63, only through the teeth 60. These impart rctay mov ment to the planet gear wheels 2 carried by the disk 25. As the drum 18 -t thi time locked in position the said a; wheels revolve within drum l8 and thus impart ro tary movement at diminished speed to tie disk 25. The teeth 62 formed on the hub of the said disk impart rotary movement to the gear wheels 23, which by reason oi 3 engagement with the teeth .21 of the immovable drum15,revolVe as they rotate and carry along the shafts 27 on which they are mounted. Thus they impart rotary move ment at a speed still. further dirinished to the disk 28 and to the stub shaft 29. The rotary movement of the shaft 29 is trans mitted to the crank shaft 63 of the engine.

After the engine started by the move ments just described, has become self-operating it builds up speed and automatically connects the motor-dynamo for operating as a generator, as has been described in the aforesaid application oi Baren g'i and Kaenr merer. W hen the engine is in operation the velocity oi the drum 18 exceeds that o he annular member The tooth 58 OI the plunger 57 is thrown out of locking engage ment with the teeth 59 by reason the beveled rear faces oi: said teeth, and the rollers 36 are moved by the hub 19 of the drum 18 into the narrow portions of the chambers Thereby the hub 19 and the member are coupled to @ZLCET other. Now the rotary movement of the crank shaft 6 is directly transmitted through the disk and the gear wheels 23, 22, the drum 18 and the member 33 to the shaft 10, at undi inished speed, the ratio of transmission be 1:1. The current supply to the electmagnet 10'? is interrupted by hand or automaticaliy, so that the spring 105 shifts the carriage 1.00, 101 with the locking member 103 in position for locking the plun er 57 in retrac ed position.

If it is desired to start the engine by hand, the crank 55 is placed on the cap 4: with its teeth 56 engaging the teeth 5d. The under emtmeing the hove] gear Wheel '51 "inn es ti e tormetl wi h bevel nnt 'v here the bevel 'e1nent' --;t and her my the ro and are r hers of the teeth 87 heretore, in order to the teeth ST eorreon the poi Where fti with Qil ftl other trough h i he zingyie a i'ehitt'vetv i iter Ft aunt i Witt e1 zit-e =1 clutc mem- SEO eoonernti t inen'thers 91. wet on eon sleeve 92 non-rottttable iiththte on the shzztt' 7(3 and eni'rnnsverse pin 93 passing t '1- 9-"; nnxtte in. the hollow shn hearing inn T9 wired to a rod 9.? -::m'responding ed in hi {0 th od i shown in Fig. 2. BY s1 interns: hr of the e vt ith'ieai the sleeve to the left and hr the side i he (i'i'iYii ehfi'vh met 91 into engzigeineiit ith the 35 P eli 1 inemhzr 90 the drum T9 is teeth "0164511 to the shzrtt T55, the construction. 5 A, to that (teseriheti with reten :1 \Vhtlti t z TH and TC ot the mechanism is us totthe Cones o the hot-3i Q" i st: "ting the engine by mouth Q 0; the with the the clutch member 92 is 1"itYOn shown m Fig.

viijh the centethe? k I motemento't the disk 1 toeking member of the near wheel 82 and locks the drum .ntri otthe soei tet 7;". t 1 on h the miniature shaft 11 "1h Q bren- The rotation of the shaft T6 is trans :1 to the heart H and the disk 72, the the arm 73 moving along the surf-we having; its points coinciding with Therefm'e the m re] gear Wheel )1] the hevei gear wheel 83 ot the It will he understood, that such 5 movement of the here? gear wheel would not result in e i movement r i t r 5 the (hst: t it tee nntnhe, ot the teeth the gear Wheeis S2 and 8 were ahke.

are provided ult h. *n-oviding the gear Wheel 82 with a in retracted pm larger number of teeth as compared to the iniher of the teeth of the gear Wheel 83 e disk '72 is rotated relatively to the drum ribet with T9, the direction of rotation being the same 6, so that it is not nee that ot the armature shaft. The drum description.

The disk 72 79 is locked in position by the member 84:, 1111 it shes up the l'QttCtlOll of the teeth 82; on the teeth 83. The rotary movement of d the shaft T0 are formed resgeetively With flanges 85 and 86, the

iii

the disk 72 is transmitted through the gear teeth 87 and 88 to the flange 86 and the shaft 70 connected with the crank shaft of the engine. As the numbers of the gear teeth 87 and 88 are alike the number of revolutions of the shaft 70 is the same as that of the disk 72, and necessarily less than the number of revolutions of the shaft 76.

When it is desired to start the engine by hand the clutch member 92 is shifted to the left by means of a hand crank acting on the rod 95 in the manner described with reference to Fig. 2, so that the drum 79 is coupled to the shaft 76. Now the shaft 76, the drum 79, the disk 72 and the flange 86 move in unison, and the disk 72 does not perform rocking movement on the head 71. The locking member 84 is pushed out of engagement with the teeth 84, as has been described above with reference to Fig. 3. Therefore the whole transmission gearing is locked, and the power is directly transmitted from the shaft 76 to the crank shaft of the engine.

After the engine has built up speed, the velocity of the shaft 70 exceeds that of the shaft 76. If the engine has been started by the motor, the clutch members 91 of the member 92 are already out of engagement with the clutch members 90. The movement of the shaft 70 and the disk 72 is transmitted to the drum 79 transmitting the same to the shaft 76 through the spring-pressed clutch 96, 97, minutely illustrated in diagrammatic form in Fig. 9 at the ratio of one to one. It will be understood that the plunger 84 is provided with electromagnetic locking means of the construction described with reference to Figs. 1 to 7. The clutch 96, 97 is non-operative when starting the engine from the shaft 76, the teeth 96 riding on the teeth 97 by reason of their beveled rear faces.

While in describing the invention reference has been made to particular examples embodying the same I wish it to be under stood that my invention is not limited to the constructions shown in the drawings, and that various changes may be made in the general arrangement of the apparatus and the construction of its parts without departing from the invention.

I claim:

1. In an internal-combustion engine, and

dynamo, the other shaft-part carrying a makeand-break device for the armature windings, means for effecting relative shifting of the shaft parts, and power-transmis sion means connecting the dynamo-motor shaft with the engine shaft and adapted to transmit rotation of the extended motordynamo shaft to the engine shaft at undiminished speed, to transmit rotation of the retracted motor-dynamo shaft to the engine shaft at diminished speed, and to transmit rotation of the engine shaft to the motor dynamo shaft at undiminished speed.

2. In an internal-combustion engine, and in combination with an engine shaft, a motor-dynamo having an extensible and retractable two-part shaft, one of said shaft parts carrying the armature of the motordynaino, the other shaft-part carrying a make-and-break device for the armature windings, yielding means tending to main tain the shaft in retracted condition, manually operable means for extending the shaft against the tension of the means last named and for rotating the shaft, and power-transmission means connecting dynamo-motor shaft with engine shaft and adapted to transmit manual rotation of the extended motor-dynamo shaft at undiminished speed to the engine shaft, to transmit rotation under electrical power of the retracted mo tor-dynamo shaft at diminished speed to the engine shaft, and to transmit rotation of the engine shaft at undiminished speed to the motor-dynamo shaft.

In an internal-combustion engine, and in combination with an engine shaft, a motor-dynamo having a telescopically extensible and retractable armature shaft and a make-a11d-break device for its armature coils operated by telescopic movement of said shaft, power-transmission mechanism connecting armature shaft and engine shaft and adapted to transmit rotation at undiminished speed from the extended armature shaft to the engine shaft, to transmit rotation at diminished speed from the retracted armature shaft to the engine shaft, and to transmit rotation at undiminished speed from the engine shaft to the armature shaft.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

ARPAD BARENYI.

Witnesses I. HOLTZERMANN, FRANZ RHEINI-IOLD, 

